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why we get shots in our arms and not in our butts

为啥新冠疫苗是打在手臂上，而不是屁股上？

millions have rolled up their sleeves for the covid-19 vaccine, but why haven’t they rolled up their pants legs instead? why do we get most shots in our arms?

不计其数人现已卷起袖子打了新冠疫苗，但他们为啥不必卷起裤腿呢？为啥咱们首要是经过手臂接种疫苗呢？

as an?associate professor of nursing?with a background in public health, and as a mother of two curious kids, i field this question fairly often. so here’s the science behind why we get most vaccines in our arm.

作为一名有着公共清洁布景的维护学教授，以及两个有着猎奇心的孩子的母亲，我常常向我们答复这个疑问。以下就是为啥大大都疫苗都是经过手臂接种的科学缘由。

it’s worth noting that?most, but not all, vaccines?are given in the muscle—this is known as an?intramuscular injection. some vaccines, like the rotavirus vaccine, are given orally. others are given just beneath the skin, or?subcutaneously—think of the?measles, mumps and rubella vaccine. however, many others are given in the muscle.

值得留心的是，大大都（但并非悉数）疫苗都是在肌肉中打针的，这被称为肌肉打针。有些疫苗是口服的，例如轮状病毒疫苗。还有一些是皮下打针的，比方麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗。可是，其他许多疫苗都是肌肉打针的。

muscles make an excellent vaccine administration site because muscle tissue contains important immune cells. these?immune cells recognize the antigen, a tiny piece of a virus or bacteria introduced by the vaccine that?stimulates?an immune response.?

肌肉是一个极好的疫苗打针部位，因为肌肉组织中富含重要的免疫细胞。这些免疫细胞可以辨认抗原，抗原是由疫苗引入的少量病毒或细菌，可以影响免疫反应。

the immune cells in the muscle tissue pick up these antigens and present them to the?lymph nodes. injecting the vaccine into muscle tissue keeps the vaccine localized, allowing immune cells to sound the alarm to other immune cells and get to work.

肌肉组织中的免疫细胞会敌对原进行选择并将其呈上给淋凑趣。咱们将疫苗打针到肌肉组织便可所以疫苗定位，让疫苗细胞向其他免疫细胞宣告警报并初步作业。

once a vaccine is recognized by the immune cells in the muscle, these cells carry the antigen to lymph vessels, which transport the antigen-carrying immune cells into the lymph nodes. lymph nodes, key components of our immune system, contain more immune cells that recognize the antigens in vaccines and start the?immune process of creating antibodies.

一旦肌肉中的免疫细胞将疫苗辨认，便会将抗原带到淋巴管，淋巴管又会把带着抗原的免疫细胞运送到淋凑趣。淋凑趣是人体免疫体系的要害构成有些，它富

含更多的免疫细胞，可以辨认疫苗中的抗原，并建议发生抗体的免疫进程。

yet another deciding factor in?vaccine administration location?is the size of the muscle. adults and children ages three and older tend to receive vaccines in their upper arm in the deltoid. younger children receive their vaccines mid-thigh because their arm muscles are smaller and less developed.

另一个抉择疫苗打针方位的要素是肌肉的巨细。成人和三岁及以上儿童一般在上臂三角肌处接种疫苗。年纪较小的孩子会在大腿处接种疫苗，这是因为它们手臂上的肌肉较小，不可兴隆。

another consideration during vaccine administration is convenience and patient acceptability. can you imagine taking down your pants at a mass vaccination clinic? rolling up your sleeve is way easier and more preferred.?

接种疫苗另一个需要思考的要素是便当性以及患者的可承受性。你能愿望在大规划疫苗接种诊所脱裤子的景象吗?卷起袖子更便利，也更受等待。

infectious disease outbreaks, as in flu season or amid epidemics like covid-19, require our public health system to vaccinate as many people as possible in a short time. for these reasons, a shot in the arm is preferred simply because the upper arm is easily accessible.

在流感时节或新冠肺炎等疫情迸发的时分，咱们的公共清洁体系需要在短时刻内为尽可以多的人接种疫苗。因为这些缘由，在手臂上接种疫苗只是因为更便利。

all things considered, when it comes to the flu shot and the covid-19 vaccine, for most adults and kids, the arm is the preferred vaccination route.

思考到一切这些要素，关于大大都成年人和儿童来说，手臂是接种流感疫苗或新冠疫苗的首选接种部位。

(全文共422个词，黑体单词为考研重难点词汇)

重难点词汇：

subcutaneously?[?s?bkju?te?ni?sli] adv. 皮下地

stimulate?[?st?mjule?t] v. 影响；煽动

考研英语：这才是必考词汇（何凯文） ￥45.60

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