??deep sleep may help treat anxiety
深度睡觉有助于减轻焦虑
英文外刊
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researchers have known about a connection between insufficient sleep and anxiety.
研讨人员早已知晓睡觉缺乏和焦虑之间存在联络。
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a new study strengthens and quantifies this causal relation and shows that a sleepless night can raise anxiety by up to 30%. furthermore, the new study suggests that the deep phase of sleep is a natural anxiety reliever.
一项新的研讨强化并量化了这一因果联络，研讨还标明，整晚失眠会使焦虑程度添加30％。此外，该研讨还发现，深度睡觉可以天然地减轻焦虑。
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matthew walker, a professor of neuroscience and psychol
ogy at the university of california, is the senior author of the new study. prof walker and colleagues set out to examine the effects of various stages of sleep on anxiety in 18 participants.
这项新研讨的第一作者是加州大学神经体系科学和心思学教授马修·沃克。沃克教授及其火伴对18位参加者就不一样睡觉期间对焦虑的影响进行了研讨。
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scientists divide sleep into two broad categories — rapid eye movement (rem) and non-rem sleep — and four substages. the first two stages of non-rem sleep are periods of light sleep in which the body adjusts from wakefulness to rest.
科学家们将睡觉分为了两个大类（快速眼动睡觉和非快速眼动睡觉）和四个子期间。非快速眼动睡觉的前两个期间是轻度睡觉期间，在该期间，身体将从清醒状况过渡为歇息状况。
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the third stage of non-rem sleep is the deep, restorative sleep that we need to feel recharged in the morning. non-rem sleep is typically followed by rem sleep, which is the dream filled, lighter stage before waking.
非快速眼动睡觉的第三个期间是深度、恢复性睡觉，它使咱们在第二天早上得以恢复生力。非快速眼动睡觉之后一般是快速眼动睡觉，这是一个多梦、醒来?媒锨车钠诩洹?br>
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these different sleep stages reflect differently in the brain’s activity. by measuring brain activity, prof walker and the team determined the effects of various sleep stages on anxiety.
这些不一样的睡觉期间反映了大脑活动的不一样。经过测量大脑活动，沃克教授及其团队断定了不一样睡觉期间对焦虑的影响。
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to measure anxiety levels, the researchers asked a group of 18 young adults to watch emotionally unsettling videos after a full night of sleep and after a sleepless night. after each viewing, the participants completed a standard anxiety questionnaire.
为了测量焦虑程度，研讨人员让18名年青人别离在好好睡上一晚和一夜未眠的情况下观看让人心境不安的视频。每次观看视频之后，参加者都要结束一份标准的焦虑查询询卷。
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the scientists used functional mri and polysomnography to scan the brains of the sleeping participants in order to identify the stages of sleep. the brain scans showed that a brain area called the medial prefrontal cortex was deactivated after a sleepless night.
科学家们使吃苦能性核磁共振仪和多导睡觉描记术来扫描睡觉参加者的大脑，以断定他们的睡觉期间。脑部扫描闪现，一个称为内侧前额叶皮层的大脑区域在一夜未眠后失掉了活性。
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previous studies have suggested that this brain area attenuates anxiety and stress. the scans also revealed excessive brain activity in other regions associated with processing emotions. a sleepless night raised anxiety levels by up to 30%.
而新近的研讨标明，大脑的该区域具有减轻焦虑和压力的功用。扫描成果还闪现，大脑中与处置心境有关的其他区域过度活泼。一个不眠之夜使得焦虑程度上升了30％。
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“without sleep,” prof. walker explains, “it’s almost as if the brain is too heavy on the emotional accelerator pedal, without enough brake.” furthermore, the study found that anxiety levels plummeted after a full night of sleep.
沃克教授说明说：“不好好睡觉就像是大脑猛踩心境的油门，却不怎么踩刹车。”此外，该研讨还发现，好好睡上一晚可以大幅减轻焦虑程度。
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要点词汇：
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insufficient [??ns??f??nt] adj. 缺乏的；不能担任的，短少才能的
quantify [?kwɑ?nt?fa?] vt. 量化；为…定量；断定数量 vi. 量化；定量
restorative [r??st??r?t?v] adj. 恢复安康的；整形的；补养的 n. 补养剂；补酒
deactivate [di???kt?ve?t] vt. 使无效；使不活动；斥逐；复员
attenuate [??tenjue?t] v. 削弱；纤细；冷漠 adj. 削弱的；冷漠的；细微的
plummet [?pl?m?t] v. 突然下跌 n. 骤降；铅垂
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