??2000年英语大作文（描述图片+阐释象征意义+建议措施）
directions:
a. study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay of at least 150 words.
b. your essay must be written neatly on answer sheet 2.
c. your essay should meet the requirements below:
1. describe the pictures.
2. deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures.
3. suggest counter-measures.?(15points)
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1. 高分范文：
as is shown in the pictures, the number of fish?has dramatically decreased?with the increase?of commercial fishing. in the first picture, there?were?various kinds of fish and only one fishing boats?in 1900. on the contrary, in the second picture, there?was?only one fish?swimming freely but?many fishing boats?sailing in the sea?in 1995.
the purpose of the pictures is to tell us that?due attention has to be paid to?the reduction of ocean resources. owing to?the over-exploitation of marine resources, the number of fish?has declined?significantly. if?we let this situation continue as it is, we do not know?where fish will be in the future. by that time, our environment?will suffer?a great destruction.
hence, it is imperative for us?to take drastic measures to reverse this disturbing trend illustrated in the above pictures. for one thing, we should appeal to our authorities?to make strict laws?to control commercial fishing. for another, we should cultivate the awareness of people?that?the ocean resources?are of great significance?to us. only in this way can we?protect our ocean resources.?also, i believe that we humans can surmount this difficulty, and we will have a brilliant future.??
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如图所示，随着商业捕鱼的增加，鱼的数量已经显著下降。在第一幅图中，在1995年，有很多鱼，只有一艘渔船。然而，在第二幅图中，在1995年，只有一条鱼在游动，但有很多渔船在海上航行。
这组画的目的是告诉我们，人们应该对海洋资源的见山给予充分重视。由于海洋资源的过度开发，鱼的数量已经明显下降。如果听任这种情况发展，我们不知道鱼的未来在哪儿。到那时，我们的环境将会遭受巨大的破坏。
因此，我们急需采取严厉措施扭转图画中所示的令人困扰的局势。一方面，我们应该呼吁各级政府制定严格的法律来控制商业捕鱼。另一方面，我们应该增强人们的意识：海洋资源对我们非常重要。只有这样才能保护我们的海洋资源。同时，我们相信我们人类能够克服这个困难，并将拥有美好的未来。
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2. 黄金模块：
(1) picture/ cartoon /photograph /image
???set
(2) essay
(3) neatly/clearly
(4) meet the requirements ?= ?meet needs ?= ?reach demands
(5) deduce ?v. 推断，演绎
???deduction ?n.
???induce ?v. 归纳
???induction ?n.归纳
(6) the purpose of the drawer of the pictures
(7) counter-measures
(8) “要素审图法”：
(9) 作文结构：
para1
?
图画描述
①?+ ②?③?④
para 2
?
列举原因
①?+ ②?③?
para 3
?
归
纳总结
①??+?②③ + ④?
?
(10) “如图所示”：
①?as is shown in the pictures,?+ 主句
②?…
(11) “介+宾”：
as is shown in the pictures, with the rampancy of commercial fishing, the number of fish has dramatically shrunk.
常用介词：
(12) “…很明显”：
it is apparent that….
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(13) 写作核心词汇——环境保护类?
环境保护 environmental protection ??????
提高环保意识
enhance environmental awareness
保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance
生态系统 ?ecosystem
生态示范区 environment-friendly region
生态农业 ?eco-agriculture
生态旅游 ?ecotourism
自然保护区 ?nature reserve
可持续发展战略 sustainable development
防风防沙林 ?wind and sand breaks
宜人的生活环境
pleasant living environment
?
节能(节约能源) ?save energy
减排(减少温室气体排放) ?
reduce the emission of greenhouse gases
降低资源消耗率 ?
slow down the rate of resource degradation
环保产品 ?environment-friendly products
全球变暖 ?global warming
低碳经济 ?low carbon economy
清洁可再生能源 clean renewable economy
核能 ?nuclear energy ?
太阳能 ?solar energy
大功率电器high-power electrical appliance
二氧化碳 ?carbon dioxide
气候变化 ?climate change
?
环境恶化 ?environmental deterioration ???
乱砍滥伐 ?deforestation
防止过度利用森林
protect forests from overexploitation
水土流失 ?water and soil erosion
沙漠化 ?desertification
人口增长 ?population growth
野生动物保护 ?wildlife protection
濒危物种 ?endangered species
野生物种 ?wild species
商业捕鱼 ?commercial fishing
过度捕捞 ?overfishing
过度开发 ?reckless exploitation
?
自然灾害 ?natural disasters
大灾难 ?catastrophe
破坏性灾难性地震
destructive and disastrous earthquake
沙尘暴 ?sandstorm
沙丘 ?sand dune/hill
旱灾 ?drought
水灾 ?flood
雪灾 ?snowstorm
?
环境治理 ????????????????????????????
污染者负担的政策
“the-polluters-pay” policy
执法检查 ?law enforcement inspection
限期治理
undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time
?
白色污染 ?white pollution ?????????????
限制使用一次性塑料袋
limit / ban/ prohibit?the use of disposable plastic bags
可降解一次性塑料袋
throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags
一次性筷子 ?disposable chopsticks
?
垃圾处理 ????????????????????????????
乱扔垃圾 ?litter
垃圾分类 ?garbage classification
丢弃 ?throw，discard
垃圾 ?trash, rubbish, garbage
城市垃圾无害处理
decontamination of urban refuse
垃圾填埋场 ?refuse landfill
三废 ?three types of wastes (water waste, waste gas, solid waste)
工业废气物 ?industrial waste
有毒废物 ?toxic waste
综合利用 ?multipurpose use
水资源保护区
water resource conservation zone
污水处理 ?sewage treatment
集中处理厂 ?centralized treatment plant
再生水 ?recycled water
?
空气污染 ????????????????????????????
空气污染浓度 ?air pollution concentration
汽车尾气排放 ?motor vehicle exhaust
尾气净化器 ?exhaust purifier
无铅汽油 ?lead-free gasoline
天然气汽车 ?gas-fueled vehicles
电动汽车 ?cell-driven vehicles
小排量汽车 ?small-engine vehicles
工业粉尘排放 ?industrial dust discharge
烟尘排放 ?soot emissions
矿物燃料(煤、石油、天然气)
fossil fuels （coal, oil and natural gas）
2011年（英语一）大作文（描图+阐释意义+给出评论）
?directions: write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following drawing. in your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain it’s intended meaning, and
3) give your comments.
you should write neatly on answer sheet 2. (20 points)
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旅途之“余”
1. 高分范文：
as is subtly portrayed in the cartoon,?two tourists?are taking sightseeing?on a small boat?while?discarding?their picnic leftovers?casually?into a lake. unfortunately, the lake is already littered and teamed with flow rubbish like plastic containers, fish-bones, banana peel, watermelon rind, bottles, tins, food wrappings, and so on. and below the drawing,?there is a topic?which says:?“after” the travel.
from the portrayal, we can conclude that the painter wants to convey such a message:?a good many scenic spots?are flooded with?visitors, who spoil the beauty of nature by creating and leaving behind god-knows-how-much trash. on the one hand, tourism, as a multibillion-dollar business, is booming?everywhere. some people, laboring under the belief that tourism serves as an engine of economic growth, seem to ignore?its negative effects on the environment. nevertheless, these?are not concerns?that we can shrug off lightly. on the other hand, tourism?has exerted great pressure on?the environment?we are living in: water is polluted, the ecological system is disturbed, and natural resources have been excessively used. ?
undoubtedly, tourism could not be banned in any country?as?it does help to shore up the economy in places?which have few sources of income. the significant point is that?the unchecked growth of the travel business may render the development of an economy unsustainable. it is high time that?we enhanced?people’s awareness to rectify this by taking the environmental protection into consideration. ?
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如图所示，两名游客正在一艘小船上观光，同时把野餐的剩余垃圾随意丢入湖中。不幸的是，湖中已经堆满了漂浮的塑料盒、鱼骨、香蕉皮、西瓜皮、瓶子、罐头、食品包装等各色垃圾。在图的下方，有个小标题写明：旅程之“余”。
从漫画中，我们可以得出结论，画家想要表达这样一种信息：成群的游客涌入众多景点，制造并丢弃了大量垃圾，影响了自然之美。一方面，旅游业作为一项产值数十亿美元的产业，正在世界各地迅猛发展。有些人认为旅游业是经济发展的引擎，似乎忽视了其对环境的负面影响。然而，我们必须充分关注这一问题。另一方面，旅游业已经对我们生存的环境造成了巨大的压力：水受到污染，生态平衡遭到破坏，自然资源被过度开发。
毫无疑问，由于对于那些几乎没有其他收入来源的地区而言，旅游业确实有助于发展经济，因此任何国家都无法禁止旅游业。但重要的是，旅游业毫无节制地发展可能使得经济发展不可持续。是时候加强人们的意识，通过多家考虑环境保护因素，来改变这一现状了。
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